A Current Monitoring and Over-Current Detection Circuit for Safe Electrical Stimulation

This brief presents an integrated solution to over-current protection in neuromuscular stimulators. The proposed approach provides fast detection of a single-fault condition, i.e., unintentional electrode short circuit or malfunction the stimulator, thereby preventing prolonged high-intensity currents from flowing into tissues. In addition, programmable current threshold enables system be also used for monitoring stimulation intensity. was designed 180 nm high-voltage CMOS technology, and its functionality verified by post-layout simulations which safety mechanisms were tested under fault conditions. implementation only occupies area 0.286 mm, making it feasible embedded fully NMES stimulators while providing required patient safety.